There are two types of induction motors, one with wound type rotor, also called slipring motor and another one with squirrelcage rotor. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. In the second section, i would be throwing light on the operation and working principle of wound rotor induction motor. A linear induction motor lim is a specific type of alternating current ac, multiplephase machine that provides force and movement in a linear direction. It is logical that the least expensive, lowest maintenance type motor should be used most often. For reason of economy, most houses, offices and also rural areas are supplied with single phase a.
The shaded pole induction motor has no commutator, brushes, collector rings, contactors, capacitors or moving switch parts, so it is relatively cheaper, simpler and extremely rugged in construction and reliable. In synchronous ac motors, the rotor turns at exactly the same speed as the rotating magnetic field. An electrical motor is a device that has brought about one of the biggest advancements in the fields of engineering and technology ever since the invention. Three phase induction motor construction electrical academia. The video highlights details regarding the construction of three phase induction motor. Record all nameplate information for the induction motor. Three phase induction motor construction your electrical guide. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. The construction of stator for any induction motor is almost the same. The electromagnetic induction is the phenomenon in which the electromotive force induces across the electrical conductor when it is placed in a rotating magnetic field. There is an air gap between the stator and the rotor and since it is known that air. The rotor core helps conducting the magnetic field from the stator to the rotor windings. I will tell you about the construction of wound rotor induction motor in the first section.
Pdf rotor and stator temperature rise in induction motors is considered to be a major cause of motor insulation degradation and motor. Well discuss 3phase, 460v ac, asynchronous induction motors. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. Although single phase induction motor is more simple in construction and is cheaper than a 3phase induction motor of the same frame size, it is less efficient and it operates at lower power factor. A single phase induction motor is more economical where less power is required. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. Just like a dc machine, a same induction machine can be used as an induction motor as well as an induction generator, without any internal modifications. Construction, working, torque speed characteristic and application electrical revolution. A wound rotor induction motor is also known as slip ring induction motor. Differentiate between the various types of generating electric power stations. This article explains the construction, working principle of singlephase induction motors. The interaction of the magnetic fields creates the torque that rotates the rotor and the load. Industrial applications frequently use ac induction motors.
These components complicate the motor construction, add cost to the motor design, and require considerable maintenance. The theoretical speed of the rotor in an induction motor depends on. Induction motor basics, single phase and three phase. Such motor is simple in construction because of absence of slip rings and brushes. Starting method for induction motors a 3phase induction motor is theoretically self starting. Induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report study mafia. Before starting to explain how an induction asynchronous generator works, i assume that you know the working principle of an induction motor. Introduction to induction motor instrumentation and. As a result, a majority of the ac machines in service, particularly small to mediumsized motors, belong to the other general category the induction machine.
The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. This final thesis will mostly be dedicated to induction motors but also to synchronous permanent magnet and reluctance motors. By far the most commonly used ac motor is the induction motor. Generally, it is known as the asynchronous motor because its running speed is less than its synchronous speed. Major differences between a synchronous motor and an induction motor are discussed below. Only the stator winding is fed from the 3phase supply. The stator frame consists of laminations of silicon steel, usually with a thickness of about 0. Free download induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report. It is also called asynchronous motor because it does not run at a synchronous speed. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. A motor with only armortisseur windings is called an induction motor. The windings inside the rotor do not go straight but are skewered for the purpose of reducing electrical noise and vibration.
The rotor of an induction motor can be a squirrel cage rotor or wound. Scroll to the bottom to watch the youtube tutorial on this article the induction motor is the most common type of electrical motor used in industry, and its used in pretty much everything, from elevators. Pdf design and construction of induction motor thermal. There are two basic reasons for the use of singlephase motors rather than 3phase motors. Oct 10, 2016 a wound rotor induction motor is also known as slip ring induction motor.
Ac motors can be divided into two main categories i synchronous motor and ii asynchronous motor. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low. The stator carries a 3phase winding called stator winding while the rotor carries a shortcircuited winding called rotor winding only the stator winding is fed from the 3phase supply. Applications of single phase induction motor these are used in low power. The stator separate from rotor by small air gap have ranges from 0. Introduction to induction motor instrumentation and control. This will link and cut the rotor conductors which in turn will induce a current in the rotor conductors and. The vector diagram for the split phase induction motor is shown in the figure b.
Like all motors, a threephase induction motor contains a stator the stationary part and a rotor which rotates. Find out here with this article on induction motors. Singlephase induction motor threephase induction motor singlephase induction motor there are probably more singlephase ac induction motors in use today than the total of all the other types put together. Numerous applications of lims can be found in industry today, one of the most interesting being high speed magnetic levitation railway systems. An asynchronous motor is popularly called as induction motor. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. The stator is the outer most component in the motor which can be seen. Shaded pole induction motors working and construction. Learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction. The laminations are insulated from each other usually by a varnish layer. Electric motor electric motor construction of induction motors. Construction of squirrel cage induction motor explained.
We also discuss the construction of a three phase motor including its. Jan 15, 2014 the video highlights details regarding the construction of three phase induction motor. The induction motor is made up of the stator, or stationary windings, and the rotor. But the rotor construction differs with respect to the type of motor. In the second section, i would be throwing light on the operation and working principle of. In general, the induction motor is cheaper and easier to maintain compared to other alternatives. The construction of stator of the induction motor is almost the same as other motors. Conversion to mechanical power by motors pumps, fans, hvac, refrigeration compressors, power tools, food processors, escalators, elevators. This paper explores the construction process of a linear induction motor lim, the basic concepts behind key aspects of linear induction machines construction and the testing process of a working. Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of induction motor application comparision between 1ph i. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy to mechanical energy, and vice versa. An induction or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is induced by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of. In an induction motor, the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained via electromagnetic induction from the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding.
Lamination is necessary since a voltage is induced along the axial length of the steel as well as in the stator conductors. An induction motor always operates at a speed lower than the synchronous speed because the rotating magnetic field that occurs in the stator will generate flux in the rotor that will cause the rotor to rotate, but due to the delay of the flow current in the rotor with current flow in the stator, the rotor will never reach its rotating magnetic field speed, that is, the synchronous speed. A 3 phase induction motor can be used for different applications with various speed and load requirements. An induction motor is the most modest electrical machine from constructional point of view, in the majority of the cases. Induction generators are also called as asynchronous generators. Almost 80% of the mechanical power used by industries is provided. Pdf construction of three phase linear induction motor.
You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance using a dmm. Basic construction of 3phase ac induction motors you should. Induction motor totallyenclosed fancooled nema standard epact three phase induction motors sdesign versatility teco totally enclosed fan cooled squirrelcage induction motors are designed, manufactured and tested to meet or exceed the latest nema, ieee, csa and. Almost 80% of the mechanical power used by industries is provided by three phase induction motors because of its simple and rugged construction, low cost, good operating characteristics, the absence of commutator and good speed regulation. Mostafa elshahed objectives learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction.
Like any electric motor, a 3phase induction motor has a stator and a rotor. Like most motors, an ac induction motor has a fixed outer portion, called the stator and a rotor that. Nov 03, 2019 an induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. This paper explores the construction process of a linear induction motor lim, the basic concepts behind key aspects of linear induction machines construction and. The three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor. The speed regulation of the split phase motor is nearly same as that the three phase induction motor therefore it is called as constant speed motor. Single phase induction motor the engineering projects. In this section, i am highlighting some of the advantages of a single phase induction motor which are as under. Jul 09, 20 an induction or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is induced by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. Induction motor theory jerry bednarczyk, pe course content introduction the ac induction motor is well suited to applications requiring constant speed operation. Each contains electrical windings that carry current and thus creates a magnetic field.
Both the types are quite different from each other. The rotor is separated from the stator by a small airgap which ranges from 0. Electric motor construction of induction motors britannica. Induction motor works on the principle of induction where electromagnetic field is induced into the rotor when rotating magnetic field of stator cuts the. Construction of three phase induction motor electrical4u. As the winding resistance of starting winding is high, the angle between voltage and current i s is small.
Construction, types and principle of operation of 3phase induction motors. Induction motor is originated in the year 1891 with crude construction the induction machine principle. Construction, working, torque speed characteristic and application. The motor is mounted in a test rig that allows one to control the torque applied to the motor shaft and to measure both rpm and torque.
Advantages and disadvantages of 3 phase induction motors. In an induction motor, the rotor rotates because of slip i. The most important advantage of an induction motor is that its construction is quite. An887, ac induction motor fundamentals microchip technology. Nov 27, 2019 the three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage.
Construction of induction motor the three phase induction motor is a preferable type of motor. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. An induction motor always operates at a speed lower than the synchronous speed because the rotating magnetic field that occurs in the stator will generate flux in the rotor that will cause the rotor to rotate, but due to the delay of the flow current in the rotor with current flow in the stator, the rotor will never reach its rotating magnetic field speed, that is, the synchronous. How does a threephase alternating current induction motor work. The absence of a centrifugal switch eliminates the possibility of motor failure due to faulty centrifugal switch mechanisms. An induction motor can be defined as the ac electric motor device in which a power source fed by the alternating current with the help of a primary winding. On this topic, i will explain in details about 3 phase induction motor construction before we talked about parts of the electric motor generally but on this topic, we will go deep for 3 phase induction motor construction only. A simple explanation of how a 3 phase induction motor works. A 3 phase induction motor has two main parts i stator and ii rotor.
Working principle of an induction motor the motor which works on the principle of electromagnetic induction is known as the induction motor. Difference between synchronous motor and induction motor. Working principle of an induction motor circuit globe. But the rotor construction differs with respect to the type which is specified above. It is mostly used in industrial drives because it is very reasonable and vigorous, economical and reliable. Slip ring induction motor is made up from wound rotor and squirrel cage induction motor is made up from the squirrel cage rotor.
The stator of an induction motor consists of 3phase windings, which when connected to a 3phase supply creates a rotating magnetic field. The video tutorial is essentially a part of the basic electrical and electronics engineering. The stator carries a 3phase winding called stator winding while the rotor carries a shortcircuited winding called rotor winding. Wound rotor induction motor the engineering projects.
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